In the electronics market, one product that is available is flashlight. Today, there are various types of this device sold. You can choose from the incandescent ones to the LED flashlights.

The LED lights are more advanced flashlights. This creates brighter and more luminous lights that are perfect for lighting pitch black areas during the night. However, this can cost an arm and a leg. If you want to make your own flashlight, here are the steps you can follow:

Step 1: Make sure you have all the materials ready. This is a little project wherein you can use recyclable materials. Get a slightly thin cardboard and roll it so you can make a tube. Better yet, get the cardboard tube of a toilet paper. Also get some duct tape, copper wire that is about 5 inches in length, light bulb (make sure you choose the one that is bright enough for you and 2 D batteries.

Step 2: Get the wire and snip the conductor off to reveal the copper inside. Use a small piece of duct tape and connect it to the negative end of one D battery.

Step 3: Get the tube and cut it to the desired length. This will serve as the length of the flashlight. You wrap the outside part of the tube with an attractive paper but make sure you leave one end of the tube open.

Step 4: Now you can place the battery with the wire. Place the negative end with the wire to the covered end of the tube. A part of the wire should be seated by the battery and direct the rest of the wire at the open part of the tube. Afterwards, you can place the second battery on top of the first one. Put negative side down first so it can connect to the positive end of the first battery connected to the wire.

Step 5: Use the duct tape to attach the bulb at the top of the battery. Tape it just enough for it to stick to the battery. Make sure the silver part of the battery is still exposed so you can stick one end of the wire to it.

Step 6: Now you can light the bulb. Stick the other end of the wire to the silver part of the bottom of the bulb. This is now the switch to your flashlight. If you want to turn it off, you can remove the wire from the silver part of the bulb.

Deciding whether or not you can stay at home after you have a baby can be a big decision. Emotions play a big factor, especially after holding your precious newborn for the first time. It’s hard to imagine leaving this tiny little thing with a stranger. On the other hand, you can gain a tremendous sense of accomplishment from your job that you couldn’t feel after a day of changing diapers and wiping up spit up. No matter how you face it emotionally, if you are considering becoming a stay at home mom at all, you first need to figure out if you can financially afford to do it.

Make a Budget

The first step you should take is to record your expenses. For at least one month,
better yet three, record everything you spend from latte’s to toilet paper to dinners
out. Everything needs to be accounted for. There is no need to go on a budget diet
yet, the goal is to find out how much you currently spend and on what items, so that
if you find you do need to scale back, you can recognize where to do so.

There are a couple of ways you can go about recording all of your purchases. One is
you can carry around a little notebook and make a note every time you buy
something. The other way is to charge everything you purchase with your debit or
credit card and use your monthly statement as your notebook of purchases.
However, if you choose to charge everything to your credit card, you must promise
yourself to pay off the full amount when your statement comes. Going into credit card debt is not going to help you achieve your goal of becoming a stay at home
mom.

Once you have every cup of coffee, every grocery trip and every pair of new shoes accounted for, it’s time to write it into a budget worksheet. Use a budget spreadsheet that will add up all of your expenses and subtract them from your income.
When you have the form filled out, look at your bottom number. Hopefully this will
be positive. Now go up and delete your income at the top. Don’t forget to delete any
expenses that occur from you working (dry cleaning bill, gas costs, lunches out,
etc.). Remember also that your taxes will change once you drop down to one income
and you may be able to change your withholdings to bring more monthly income in.
Go to the IRS website and use their tax withholding calculator with only your
husbands paycheck information to see how much you can change your
withholdings. If your bottom number is still positive, then you are fortunate enough
to be able to be a stay at home mom without much fiscal sacrifice. However if it’s
now dipped to a negative number, do not despair, it’s time to look over your
expenses and find ways to minimize them.

Saving on Your Expenses

Saving money doesn’t always have to be painful. Many women say that one of their
biggest jobs as stay at home moms is to seek out bargains and make sure the
family sticks to a budget. Consider this a lesson in what could be part of your new
job description. Below are four big-ticket expenses that most households face. Let’s
take a look at these and see if we can’t save a couple hundred dollars right off the
bat.

o Mortgage or Rent. This is often a couple’s largest monthly expense.
The obvious way to reduce this cost is to move to a less expensive place to live, but
that’s not always the best option for your family. Try looking at refinancing. That
can be a fantastic way to lower your monthly mortgage payment and may make it
financially feasible for you to be able to become a stay at home mom. Plug some
numbers onto an online refinancing company to see if this might make sense for
you. If you rent, ask your landlord if there is anything you can do around the
property that could reduce your monthly rent. Ask if you can help manage their
other properties, take on the yardwork, do other chores or even sign on for a longer
lease for a reduction in rent.

o Credit card, car payments and other ‘bad’ debt. These kinds of
debts you want to try and get out of as soon as possible. Make is a goal to get out
of credit card debt before you decide to become a stay at home mom. There are a
number of credit cards that offer zero percent interest for a specific amount of time.
Take advantage of these offers to reduce your monthly bill and use the amount you
would have paid with your old card towards paying off the principle. Condense your
monthly expenses and throw everything you can towards paying your credit card
debt and car payment off so that your time for being a stay at home mom will be
less stressful.

o Grocery Bill. You can easily reduce your grocery bill by planning a
weekly menu and making a shopping list. Designate one night a week for sitting
down with the grocery ads and your cookbooks. Come up with seven different meals
that take advantage of the weeks grocery sales and write down the list of
ingredients you will need. There are many great website services that will plan your
weekly meals and e-mail you a weekly shopping list too. Make sure to clip coupons
from the Sunday paper and from coupon websites. Also try the generic version of
your favorite brand. Chances are you’ll never notice the difference.

o Utilities. Take Dad’s advise and start turning off the lights when you
leave a room. Replace incandescent lights with florescent, get a hot water heater
blanket for your hot water heater. There are a number of different ways you can
reduce your energy bill. Don’t hesitate to call your utilities and ask how you can save
money on your monthly bill. You phone company can find a more efficient and
cheaper plan for you and the garbage company can suggest a smaller garbage can
size. Also ask yourself if you really need all of the gadgets you’ve become
accustomed to: Do you really need that cell phone now that you won’t be
commuting? Do you really need the fancy cable TV package or can you live without
it for a few years?

Keep moving down each category on your budget worksheet and ask yourself how
you could reduce costs. In this day and age most families have to make sacrifices
for a parent to become a stay at home parent. Remember that it’s temporary
though. Children grow up before you know it and being a stay at home mom may
just be more satisfying than any payroll job you could ever have.